Pintmaster

24Jul/0669

How to get over an ex!

There is no surefire way to get over an ex boyfriend / girlfriend. When you break up, especially after being together for a long time, it is like losing a part of yourself. Do not fear though - it is not losing a part of yourself, it is just "like" losing a part of yourself.

There are a common set of 5 stages of grief that people go through during a breakup:

  1. Denial
  2. Anger / Resentment
  3. Bargaining
  4. Depression
  5. Acceptance

Denial

At this point, you cant believe what has happened and you are most likely overwhelmed by shock - half expecting things to go back to "normal".

Anger / Resentment

This is when it gets nasty & you might be inclined to do or say things that you will regret to the other person. You blame the other person for causing the situation or wasting years of your life, or being so difficult. In many ways those things are necessary because essentially fighting with each other and causing hurt makes the break up easier to comprehend for each person.

Bargaining

Im not quite sure that this is next after anger. Apparently, this is where you will feel inclined to try to convince the person that you can change or they can change and you really should be together. The decision to break up feels wrong and it seems as though the solution is to get back together rather than stay apart.

Depression

It's really quite straightforward. You feel down in the dumps, alone and withdrawn from the world. At this point, the loss is acknowledged and it takes time to deal with it and sort through the issues. This is when you will feel most alone in the world. But dont fret! the best is yet to come.
Acceptance

The breakup is now in your past. You're able to move forward with your life. Hopefully at this stage, seeing the person doesnt send you backwards in to one of the other stages.

What else?

Now that you know the stages of grief, you can at least understand what you are going through. Some other things you may experience during grief is a sense of a lost identity. You need to rediscover and redefine who you are without the other person. It's difficult and dangerous because its important to have stability in your life.

How to get through it

  • Go to the Gym / work out - This is a fantastic thing to do when you are getting over a break up. Working out releases endorfins in the brain so you feel better than you ordinarily would if you were going through a break up (I am working out 5 - 6 times a week).
  • Be more social - Hang out in coffee shops with a good book, make some new friends who dont know your ex, get out of the house!
  • Generally get more busy - The less time you have alone to think, the less time you will be sitting alone thinking about your break up. Dwelling on a problem rarely presents a solution. The only thing to help with a breakup is time. If you can allow time to pass without overanalyzing the situation, it will help.
  • Join a club, group or new activity - Increase the number of times you do an activity during the week. Take a cooking class. Join a book club. Do something you've always wanted to try. Go travelling!

All of these can help you take your mind off grieving for the most part but will allow you to think about it in moments - to process things without dwelling.

In this case, I am taking my own advice! I hope it works for you.

  • hi friend i look this site and i think it is good site!
  • bill c.
    I dont know if its over or not but Iam totally depressed we are both widows and thats how we met been together for a year and half I feel that I still love her but she claims shes not sure any more . Iam 60 and am sure I have some life to live and share . but at this stage of life am not sure if I want to go on
  • chaz
    i to still love my ex after 5 years she left me and moved in withe some one els i know him i have even helped him out some times i would not belive she whent withe him he is older then her but you know whot i whent to the gym lost over 30 kg and from a size 56 am know a size 36 i look good i feel great and meet a lots of new girls to some even come up to me and say whot a great job i have done withe my body i still think about my ex but its her loss you know life goes on live it to the max dont look back i just have a good time
  • NERAK2122
    I was in a 3 year relationship, my first love. At first i wasn't sure if i wamnted to be in a relationship because i wasnt constantly attracted to him. I was in 11th grade in highschool. He was a year older than me..We started hanging out and talking.He fell in love with me first. I still talked to guys though and hung out. After a while we hooked up and started going out. I admit i did hurt him alotby still talking to guys. i would tell him if he didnt like it then dont be with me. He was a good boyfriend but had a bad attitude. He depended on me alot after a while i had to give him rides he was always broke. We just started arguing more and more. He got tired of everything and left me without giving me an explanation or to see if we can work it out. I was crushed i couldnt beluieve it and til this day. its been two months and i found out hes dating some other girl for that long. but what hurt me more is that he would still look for me and wanted to see me while he was seeing her. I had a feeling but wasnt sure til i saw him at theatre wit hher. i confronted him n he looked stupid with nothing to say. That girl called me next day 2 see y i still cared if it wouldnt of been for her calling me and telling me everything i wouda never known. Hes still a loser depends on her hes broke no car or nothing going for him. Shes the stupid girl and its so hard to know someone else taking my place but i'll be ok. He'll regret it later and i still wish him best!!! i will take it as a learning experince i did alot of bad things and they came back to me but i tried everything to help him i dont regret anything though..He lied to me to so it will go back to him. I DONT NEED A GUY LIKE THAT IN MY LIFE. DEPENDS ON WOMEN.WOw!!!!!
  • I was still pining over my first love some 6 years later, so I can understand the depression factor. Such a lot of time lost hoping and praying that we would get back together.

    I eventually moved to another country and now when I look back over the last 40 years or so I'm glad I moved on - otherwise I wouldn't have met my existing soulmate!

    I know it's difficult, but applying the tips you mention on this page is the way to go.
  • amy
    I was with my ex for 3 years and last Christmas he gave me a ring. A few months later he dumped me and said he "didn't want to be with anybody." I moved out and found another boyfriend who I do love, but I miss my ex terribly. I have been missing him. I went to his house yesterday and there was another girl in his bed with him and she was curled up in my blanket. I lost my mind and just wanted to break anything I could.

    I am very hurt. Can someone help me? I am stuck bouncing around in the anger/depression and bargaining. And I dont even know that I want to be with him anymore, but I love him so much and it hurts so badly to know he is with someone else. He lied, you know? It hurts so much worse now.
  • Jeff
    Also, I have to say "WOW" I thought I was the only one who cant seem to get over someone even after 3 years, but after I read this whole page, I see there are those that have been broken up even longer and moved on with another and still cant seem to get over the "one".
  • Jeff
    I was in relationship with gril in another country,I am in US. We were together for 5 years.SHe had to travel back and forth from her country to see me. I never married her but should have. We had a rocky time together but still loved ech other. I have not seen in 3 years exactly.
    2 years go we had a fight online and she ended it. I went thru all the anger,denial,etc.. I am depressed ove this still, however. SHe would contact me every 5 or 6 months to see how I am, but would aways say she does not want to look back but just be friends. I dont want to just be friends with her. She did this again yesterday. I have not been able to stop thinking about her. What can I do to move past? I dont think she wants to get back together.
  • suga97
    wow I have been broken up with my ex for 2weeks now and reading this post helped me so much. we were 2gether for 3 and a half years of drama. He used me like a door mat and was a selfish pathelogical liar, the reason why I stuck around cause I didn't wanna be alone. my biggest mistake was loving someone more than I loved myself. you shouldn't have to beg someone who claims they love you to spend time with u, be faithful. if a relationship is not progressing after 3 years and is at the same place it was in the beginning then its time to move on. you can't change a person or there behavior they have to make a change themselves. there's is a light outside of a break up tunnel even though it will hurt your life is not over trust me. when you truely move on a month, a year from now you will look back and laugh and say what was I thinking. it only been 2weeks but the best way to truely move on is no contact, out of sight out of mind and keep busy no matter how bad it hurts to face people. I am 75 percent over him in 2weeks soon I will be 100 percent over him. no matter what I was a good, beautiful woman and he will miss me but its his loss for taking me for granted.
  • Anonymous
    thanks for the advice
  • Ange
    It's been a year since it's all been over.. I was with him for about two months but I'd known him for 3 years. He wanted me a long time ago and I never paid attention untl 1 day he broke up with his girlfriend and decided to contact me, he thought I could grow to like him, and help him get over his ex. I eventually grew to love him, understand that he was a lot like me. But I came to know that there was no room in his heart for me. So I left. Never look back but once or twice I text him and that got me nowhere. It's been a year. I know he is not worth it. I know I was his rebound, he used me. Never really gave a dime abt me but still sometimes I cant heol but look for him.. I'm worried. I know all the rules in the book about letting go but "no..It's beyond me now".. it scares me...
  • Alec Lowe
    Lia, I agree With Colin if he didn't even fight for the realationship then forget him.
  • Alec Lowe
    I think all of these ideas were good.I had to get over an ex once,wasn't easy but i did.And now I have a new girlfriend.OH YEA!!!!!:)
  • Hi Heather, it sounds to me that you're feeling insecure because he doesnt want you anymore. Well, that's natural to feel that whether you loved him fully or not. We always want what we cant have. You are better off to move on. Trying to get him back will only make you both miserable in the long run if your heart wasnt there to begin with.
  • Heather
    I have a question... I dated a guy for about a year and a half and the whole time I was unhappy because I wasn't completely"in love" with him. I did love him, think he was the worlds BEST boyfriend as well as attractive but I broke up with him because the passion wasn't there. When I saw he was dating another girl I immediately realized I wanted him back and was completely in love with him but it was too late he said he was over me. When we were together I didn't think there was ANYTHING I could do to make him not want me anymore. He's all I can think about... Is this just jealousy or did I just need to realize he wouldn't be there no matter how horribly I treated him?
  • becky
    wow its actually tru my bf jst broke up with me after 2 years without a reason atal...says he sitll loves me it jst was going dwn hill...:S and i went threw all those stages..i dnt no if iv accepted it yet..but maybe i have
    i cnt belive how accurate it is!
  • Lia, What will help you most is time. In time you will realize that "why" he didn't fight for your relationship is not important. The only thing that is important is that he didn't fight for your relationship.

    Sometimes we are better off to forget about the other person rather than seek an answer to every question we have.
  • Lia
    My boyfriend just broke up with me after 1 year we were together.
    The reason is the distance he is studying abroad and when he left he promise me to fight for what we have after 1 month he started not to calling me dont care about me,he was only intersted about his life but he was always telling me that he love me and cant pass a day without thinking of me..one day i have a call from him telling me with tears that he cant doing this anymore and we have to broke up i accept it not because i want it but i couldnt do anything else.So i get out of his life with the hope that he will understand and in a way come back.At the end after 1 week of our "fight" i have a call from a friend telling me that my ex is in a relation with another girl you can understand that i was in a big shock...i send him an email and i told him very bad staff but i dont regret it really i mean it i also told him not to call me again etc. His answer puzzle me he told me that his looking to our pictures and crying and he dont want to lose me but his trying to get over me and thats why he moved on. I cant stand this it really hurts me and the fact that his is not here its killing me i am trying with all steps that u told but always i have a question in my head why he didnt fight for us why if he loves me doing this i cant explain this it really hurts. help me pls thank you for listening me
  • lulu
    my boyfriend had broken up with me a month ago. prior to that, we were having lots of problems in the relationship. we argued and cried every other day. the main problem is that he doesnt trust me with guys. he's too controlling and sometimes i just couldnt stand it. but i do share the blame too. i didnt appraciate wad he had done for me, and i kept taking him for granted. somehow i felt like although i love him, i wouldnt want to marry him.so i didnt really put a lot of effort in the relationship. but.. when he broke up with me, i just felt all my true feelings surfacing..i realized that i actually love him a lot, and i just felt regret and couldnt forgive myself for driving him away. i begged him 3 weeks to give me another chance, but he said i had done too much damage to the relationship that it was not worth trying anymore. he said he has lost all his confidence in me and that although he still loves me, he doesnt want to be with me anymore. plus, he says that he's still young and he wants to play the field first. so part of the reason he break up with e is because he feels that after 6 months of committin in a realtionship but getting nothing in return, he has given up all hope and doesnt want a serious relationship right now. he doesnt want to cheat on me, so he chose to break up. and he feels that we will be facing a lot of problems because i'll in going oversea to further my studies next year. he says that if fate dictates that we will be together, we will be together after 5 years. so let everything depends on fate. he's been nice to me since the break up but whenever i ask for another chance he would get annoyed. there's one time he even threatened to commit suicide if i continue to force him. i dont know what to do now. we are still keeping in touch. he keep asking me to move forward and appreciate life. but i just cant. help me.
  • Chuck, the main thing holding you back is trying to remain friends. Im sure part of her does love you and part of you loves her. However, that's not a good reason to not move on.

    I've felt that every girl I've dated was "likely the best match I’m going find in this life". That's what love is! Sounds like your self-esteem has been lowered by losing this girl. Love yourself and who you are and "the one" will find you!
  • Hopeless Chuck
    Went through all those stages I've tried to remain friends with her even
    when she visit the city.....which is a mistake because I still love her and
    even though I know part of her loves me I know she has moved on to the acceptance stage.....even though I've been told I'm attractive I'm not the tall dark and handsome man most women seem to go for (only 5,6) so I'm usually women pass me by......sigh.....I one point I was even so sad I took time off work and just locked my away for 4 days.....isn't that sad.....my mind tells me it will never work but heart keeps saying maybe.....and the worst part is I know it's over.....judging from my past she is likely the best match I'm going find in this life......ah well at least I have my health and my work.
  • BrokeheartedForever... sorry to hear about your situation. Have you seen the movie swingers? Here's a long quote that may help to shed some light:

    Mike: Okay, so what if I don't want to give up on her?
    Rob: You don't call.
    Mike: But you said I don't call if I wanted to give up on her.
    Rob: Right.
    Mike: So I don't call either way?
    Rob: Right.
    Mike: So what's the difference?
    Rob: There is no difference right now. See, Mike, the only difference between giving up and not giving up is if you take her back when she wants to come back. But you can't do anything to make her want to come back. In fact, you can only do stuff to make her not want to come back.
    Mike: So the only difference is if I forget about her or just pretend to forget about her?
    Rob: Right.
    Mike: Well that sucks.
    Rob: Yeah, it sucks.
    Mike: So it's just like a retroactive decision, then? I mean I could, like, forget about her and then when she comes back make like I just pretended to forget about her?
    Rob: Right. Although probably more likely the opposite.
    Mike: What do you mean?
    Rob: I mean at first you're going to pretend to forget about her, you'll not call her, I don't know, whatever... but then eventually, you really will forget about her.
    Mike: Well what if she comes back first?
    Rob: Mmmm... see, that's the thing, is somehow they know not to come back until you really forget.
    Mike: There's the rub.
    Rob: There's the rub.
  • BrokeheartedForever
    My girlfriend (Fiance) for 5 1/2 years just called it quits last week. In fact that morning everything was fine then2 hours later I asked if she was coming over and she said no and she told me she didn't want to be with me anymore. We didn't fight all I told her was something about a job situation and then 2 hours later it just changed. I got my ring back from her but she sent me a text message about where it was at. I tried calling her the next day and she texted me stating she doesn't want to talk with me right now. Next day I go to where she works at and gave her back her house keys and asked her for lunch and she said she will call me when ready. Then 3 days later I couldn't take it anymore and got her flowers and still she has not responded to me or anything. This is not a good sign!!! I Love her alot and want to be back with her.
  • Nazneen, that is great advice! Thanks!
  • NAZNEEN
    HI everyone. Listen to my story! i promise when you hear it you will be very shocked and you will know there is hope for you. my ex boyfriend and I dated for 5 years. I met his parents and really believed that i would marry him. he said he truly loved me and i believed he did, at the time. i trusted him with all my heart and we made planned on getting married in the future. we talked about it, bout having children. abouot vacations, our familie, proposal. i reallt thought it was amatch made in heaven. but while i trusted him with all my heart. he cheated on me. a relative saw him, he was at university in public holding her hand, on VALENTINES day while i was home. oh my i was so hurt i cried for days on end. i couldnt eat, i couldnt sleep. i gave up on men. i thought my life was over but by the grace of GOD i got through it. I know i am over him because i dont think of him nor do i love him or want to see him. It has been 7 months sinc the break up and i have someone who is amazing. he loves me adn respects me so much and i truly love him. i know i love him because for the first time in seven months i actually see myself marrying someone starting a family. its the first time since my ex and i broke up. i dont want my ex any more . after meeting my current boyfriend, it is like comparing a ferarri to a toyota tazz. there just isnt any way you can compare. he is my ferarri, my boyfriend is loving and caring and he accepts me with my baggage. there was a time i thought i would never find love and we all go through it... but dont give up hope. love exists! i cannot claim to know if my ex regrets his decision and i dont care. there isnt a chanc i would get back with him. the first step is getting rid of any reminders. i tore up our photos, his letters and gave away his gifts. i didnt need them. they reminded me of him and they were given in love. that love doesnt exist anymore so why should i keep them. i cut all contact with my ex. we dont call or sms, we are not friends anymore. my advice is cut him outta your life and youll open your heart to love instead of hoping for a reconciliation. i truly loooovee my current boyfriend. he is everything iv wished for.. and more and i will spend the rest of my life loving him.. as for my ex, good luck to him and his gf.. i can sincerely say i want him to be happy, and i forgive him. i have found the true love of my life. and right now the love i have for him is more imprtant than the resentment i had for my ex. so i choose to love my sweetheart. the man of my dreams.. and forget the man who never deserved me in the first place. even when you think that you cant go on.. that the world is too difficult. remember my story. and knoe if i can find love so can you!
  • Wow - my old post from over a year ago is worth reading again. Talk about sticking power!
  • M
    I'm not sure what stage I'm in. I'm a little confused because I was truly in love with my boyfriend, we had been together for 3 years, we started having a lot of trouble about 6 months ago and we broke up at least 3-4 times during that time and kept getting back together. Finally he said he couldn't do it anymore, and I was overwhelmed with this huge feeling of regret, sadness, and anger... for about a day. I'm okay now, it almost feels as if we broke up 2 months ago... and I'm not sure why. My friends have been great, they heard me cry and rant for that one day, and they gave me some great, straight forward advice of what to expect. I also strongly believe that this is for the better, that if I had been happy with him we would have just been happy, and that if we do get back together it would only be if he has somehow changed in the way he keeps his heart to himself. But I don't know, I feelt like I've moved on too quickly. Am I just supressing my real feelings?
  • sandy
    HEY i went out with dis guy for a yr... an amazing one yr n i later broke up wid him because i wasnt feeling "happy" in the relationship as we werent livin it up as we used to. i cudnt understand that the only reason y we was was because he was goin tru sum financial problems. i was basicali, the bitch in da relationship not him.
    wel bout a week ago i was very depressed n wud jus stare at the pic of him n his rebound in his website.
    now am tryin to move on wid ma life bcuz i am sure ders better thingz in life that r waitin for me.
    fun friends r the best ppl to hang out wid during these tyms... n am now settin maself a target to improve ma flexibility so that keeps me busy. THER is A SOLUTION TO EVERYTHING IN THIS WORLD!
  • Ronald
    Hey...i dated someone that i loved for 2 years...i felt that i put more effort in our relation ship and she wasnt as eager as i was to see things grow,2 be together in the future,basically to make things work between us.and even when things where bad i tried to put my best foot forward but we broke up with out talking much about it.I guess we were both tired.i still have really strong feelings for her...i planned a life together with her and that isnt the easiest thing to let go off.ive been through these steps and yes they are true but there is no real way of getting over someone you love.....its the hardest thing in the world

    Ron
  • Alex
    After 2 years of being with a 25 year old guy,i am 34, that i love very much, and 5 tries to leave me he finally did 6 weeks ago, after i had to ask him several times over several days what was wrong with him. It crushed me completely. He sais he still loves me but thinks we are incompatible? I asked what do you mean? We dont have the same taste in movies, culture stuff like that. I have relaized a lot in the last weeks, since i really threw myself into the deep end of fear. I felt it all. I am doing much better, i can almost say that i am doing ok. I miss our habits and i guess but just guess miss him. A part of me still hopes that he will come back, but i think that is just so i can have the power back. I learned from being breaking up with, that loosing the power and control and me begging him to come back to me, was just so degrading. The biggest leasson that i learned is many times over did i think break up with him, but i didnt and guess what you give the power away well somebody will take over and do what i did not so. It is the law of the universe.
    Even by writting this now i feel healing.
    To all those that are ready to get better, dont let anybody make you feel like you are less, take control and listen to your feelings, if you dont no one will.
    Take care
  • ive finished with a guy at xmas cos we were due to go on holiday but he was a complete s. in the end he took an ex girlfriend with him and kept texting me from holiday saying how he was having a rough time with her. when he got back he wanted to come and see me and i said no. since then hes thrown it back at me how he wasted so much money on the holiday and loves me but wont come over and sends me dirty texts. hes gone on a dating agency and cos theres no one available for him thats local he keeps me hanging. last night id had enough of him having womens phone numbers on his mobile and he doesnt like it that i can go on internet. i told him to ask my ex who he works with how i am and not to call me at all or text. he then said he might have an std. how wicked is he i know im ok and its a lie. how do i get rid of him as i wish it was the way it was as we had so much fun and i find myself thinking i still love him but am relieved and so happy when i dont hear from him. is it because i thought i could change him and make him love me.
  • Lita
    this has really helped me find who I was after a nasty break-up. I helped me remember all the fun times that I had when I was single and always around my friends. I like to do the things that you mentioned.THANKS
  • Rach
    I dated my ex for 2.5 years... part of it long distance. We broke up because we lived so far from each other and he was too controlling (I should remind myself of that everyday!). We have been friends for a year. We hooked up recently and all those old feelings came back. I asked him if we could start dating again and he refused. I feel like I'm starting back on square one and it's so hard. This is the year to take the right steps to refresh myself. I warn you... don't make the same mistake I made. It's easy to do when you're lonely, but believe that you will be better off by avoiding what I did. At least he was not my first love. Getting over first loves are the toughest.
  • alright i met this girl over a weekend about a year ago and she moved away but we have been going out ever since we met and talking on the internet and stuff and we broke up but i still have feelings for her and want her back but im not really sure if she still likes me as more then a friend because we still talk over the phone and stuff wat should i do
  • kerrie
    jeni i no how u feel iam 20 and just had same drama wen i was 18.
  • L
    I think the answer is in the advice Colin gave in the beginning. Good luck in moving on to all of you.
  • Elizabeth
    does anyone answer these things anymore???
  • Tam
    I need some help. Me and my ex were together for five and half years and have two kids together. A few months ago he decided he didn't want to be with me. He left me and the kids well he says he left just me but he hasnt been there for the kids at all. He don't help support them or see them. He was started seeing a younger girl that he met from the bar. He says they are in love. Well the whole time he was seeing her he was cheating on her with me and told he misses me and all that stupid crap of course I believed him they broke up because of him cheating but they are back together and now he is moving in with her cause he says hes in love with her again after he went and told everyone he didn't want to be with her. He never has anything to do with his kids when hes with her and it really sucks cause we love him but he says he doesnt love me or want to be with ever again now. I cant stand going threw all this. I love my kids and I want the best for them and I really want him to be with us but I know its time to realize he wont be but it is so hard when you love someone that much. I have been there for him threw thick and thin and it really hurts knowing that he is moving in with her and is telling me he is in love with someone he hasn't been with for that long. I think he is just lying but I dont know who he is anymore! I need help getting threw this with my kids. Anyone have advice for me?
  • Elizabeth
    Hi,
    I still have extremly strong feelings for a guy I dated about 4 1/2 years ago, we were only physically together for about 4 months and were seperated by our jobs to different continents. I felt very insecure about the relationship because things were so up in the air but knew I loved him with all my heart. I ended up cheatin on and breaking up with him to date someone else because i couldn't stand the distance and didn't feel stable, I was weak and stupid. I dated this other guy for about 3 1/2 years and have finnaly ended it. All through the last relationship I still loved my ex. Well it has been years scince I haven't seen or spoken to him, but we stay in touch occasionally through the internet, he is married now, and I know it is wrong, but i can't stop thinking about him. He sends me pictures of himself sometimes. I wrote him telling him how I feel, but he showed his wife and she wrote me back. She was very understanding and civil about the whole thing. In her letter she even told me how she was jealous of me for years and that he did not get over the break up easily. He didn't write anything though and I don't know how he feels. I know it is rediculous to be having these feelings after so long, especially when I don't see or talk to him. I just feel like he is the love of my life and I don't know what to do. Please help, Thank you.
  • Kristen
    I dated someone through out most of college. Things were amazing and we were best friends, but the relationship fizzled and we became really horrible to one another. We finally decided to break up. It hurt more than anything. I feel that the above mentioned steps would work well...but the only problem is that my ex lives in the same building as me and moving is not a possibility for either of us. It makes it hard because I know when his car is there or not and I know that when it's not there he is seeing this new girl, doing things like talking all night and going to museums, like we used to always do. I first am upset that he is just moving on so quickly only days after our 3 year relationship ended, says he still cares for me, doesn't understand I can't be his friend while he's dating another girl so soon, and that his relationship with her is so in-my-face at all. Every night, I see that his car isn't there (seeing his parking spot is unavoidable- I've tried) I know where he's at and it kills me on the inside that he's over this so soon. And I know you'll probably say that this is just his way of dealing with it or something, but I think he just found someone to replace me so quickly and that its making it so much more easy for him than for me. I know this is silly, maybe even petty- but it causes me to wake up in the middle of the night and cry until the sun rises. Any suggestions? Help, please I can't do this any longer.
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